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  7. INDIA : Own Vaccine

INDIA : Own Vaccine

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06 Sep 2021 16:27 - 15 Sep 2021 22:10 #393064 by ketchim
India’s DNA COVID vaccine is a world first –
Last edit: 15 Sep 2021 22:10 by ketchim.

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06 Sep 2021 16:28 #393065 by ketchim
India has approved a new COVID-19 vaccine

that uses circular strands of DNA

to prime the immune system against

the virus SARS-CoV-2.

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06 Sep 2021 16:30 #393066 by ketchim
ZyCoV-D, which is administered into the skin without an injection

has been found to be 67% protective against symptomatic COVID-19

in clinical trials, and will probably start to be administered in

India this month.

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06 Sep 2021 16:34 - 06 Sep 2021 16:36 #393067 by ketchim
Peter Richmond, a paediatric immunologist at the
University of Western Australia in Perth.

“This is a really important step forward in the fight to defeat COVID-19 globally,

because it demonstrates that we have another class of vaccines

that we can use.” :

It is proof of the principle that DNA vaccines

work and can help in controlling the pandemic
Last edit: 06 Sep 2021 16:36 by ketchim.

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06 Sep 2021 16:38 #393068 by ketchim
“If DNA vaccines prove to be successful, this is really the future of vaccinology”

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06 Sep 2021 16:40 - 06 Sep 2021 16:42 #393069 by ketchim
RNA vaccines were quicker to show strong immune responses in clinical trials

delivered to hundreds of millions of people around the world.

But DNA vaccines have a number of benefits, because they are easy to produce

and the finished products are more stable than mRNA vaccines

which typically require storage at very low temperatures.
Last edit: 06 Sep 2021 16:42 by ketchim.

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06 Sep 2021 16:44 #393070 by ketchim
ZyCoV-D contains circular strands of DNA known as plasmids,
which encode the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, together with
a promoter sequence for turning the gene on.
Once the plasmids enter the nuclei of cells, they are converted into mRNA
which travels to the main body of the cell, the cytoplasm
and is translated into the spike protein itself.

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06 Sep 2021 16:49 #393071 by ketchim
The body’s immune system then mounts a response against the protein

and produces tailored immune cells that can clear future infections.

Plasmids typically degrade within weeks to months

but the immunity remains.

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06 Sep 2021 16:51 - 06 Sep 2021 16:52 #393072 by ketchim
Both DNA and mRNA vaccines

have been under development since the 1990s

The challenge for DNA vaccines is that they need to make it

all the way to the cell nucleus, unlike mRNA vaccines

which just need to get to the cytoplasm,
Last edit: 06 Sep 2021 16:52 by ketchim.

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06 Sep 2021 16:57 #393073 by ketchim
ZyCoV-D is deposited under the skin

as opposed to deep in muscle tissue.

The area under the skin is rich in immune cells

that gobble up foreign objects, such as vaccine particles

and process them.

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SerenaThis batting performance by the West Indies in the second innings blew me away. I kept closing my eyes and then rubbing and opening them again and sat transfixed as I watch that unbelievable partnership between John Campbell and Shai Hope. What a magnificent performance by these two! It just goes to show that patience, determination and effort can go a long way to improve the performances of the West Indies team. Let us hope that this effort by West Indies batsmen would not be a one-off performance, but will be the beginning of a renewed effort to improve the performances of the team, going forward.(13.10.2025, 10:28)(10:28)0
SerenaJohn Campbell breaks a 23-year drought for West Indies openers with a Test hundred in India!

#INDvsWI #INDvWI #JohnCampbell		(13.10.2025, 06:49)(06:49)0
SerenaLet's celebrate that Ind will have to bat again as a notable achievement(13.10.2025, 06:32)(06:32)0
SerenaDefeat in Ahmedabad, we move to Delhi with an aim to the level the series.

#INDvWI | #MenInMaroon		(04.10.2025, 11:38)(11:38)0
Serena? USA Cricket Files for Bankruptcy

The Chapter 11 filing makes it the first known ICC member to declare bankruptcy. ⚡?		(03.10.2025, 13:22)(13:22)0
SerenaA maiden test wicket for Khary Pierre ends a challenging day 2️⃣

#INDvWI		(03.10.2025, 13:15)(13:15)0
SerenaWhy is WI best batter batting at #6 and why is he even keeping wickets in test?(03.10.2025, 08:26)(08:26)0
SerenaGive warrican vice captain on wat basis the man does nothing not even help chase(03.10.2025, 08:10)(08:10)0
SerenaWI waiting for declaration. India most likely will declare if or when both Jurel and Jadeja get to their 100s.(03.10.2025, 06:35)(06:35)0
Kade162 all out : India 121-2 stumps, day1(02.10.2025, 17:00)(17:00)0
Serenaif marriage certificate could get expire like driver's licence a lot of married men will never renew it(27.09.2025, 11:54)(11:54)0
WarrenJameis Winston is asked about being named QB3 on the Giants' roster behind Russell Wilson and Jaxson Dart:

"As a competitor, you want to be the starter. But I prepare to be the starter, I know I'm a starter in this league.

But you have to be able to be grateful for your role...my role right now is to assist Russ and Jaxson to be the best that they can be while preparing to be the best that I can be.

No matter if I'm 3, 33, this is my first year being number 19, so it's always a first for everything.

I focus on what I would love. And what I would love is for this team to have success."		(13.09.2025, 11:58)(11:58)0
Monicae(11.09.2025, 18:03)(18:03)0
RylandLol... Hetmyer. Fell agonizingly short of his century! Just 91 more he needed!(08.09.2025, 06:53)(06:53)0
RylandThe progress of the PPP government should not be judged by the dissenting voices of a few, but by the tangible benefits it has brought to everyone.(02.09.2025, 18:51)(18:51)0
Warren2 firefighters battling Washington state wildfire arrested by Border Patrol(29.08.2025, 11:51)(11:51)0
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Sierrahi(27.08.2025, 13:07)(13:07)0
SergioWhat food could you eat every day of the week because you love it so much?(25.08.2025, 14:41)(14:41)0
KingsleyIsrael strikes a Gaza hospital twice, killing at least 20, including journalists and rescuers(25.08.2025, 12:27)(12:27)0
KingsleyShubman Gill returns to India's T20I squad as vice-captain for Asia Cup(20.08.2025, 13:54)(13:54)0
KingstonCanada's government forced Air Canada and its striking flight attendants back to work and into arbitration Saturday after a work stoppage stranded more than 100,000 travelers around the world.(16.08.2025, 19:08)(19:08)0
KingsleyGovernment papers found in an Alaskan hotel reveal new details of Trump-Putin summit(16.08.2025, 18:59)(18:59)0
LawrenceI'm confused how a cemetery can raise its funeral prices and blame it on the cost of living. ?(15.08.2025, 08:03)(08:03)0
LawrenceNext up West Indies play Nepal in a 3 match series (T20i), starting on the 27th Sept.(13.08.2025, 14:49)(14:49)0
JayleeFor the first time since 1991, we have won a bilateral series v Pakistan!??

What a win!?		(12.08.2025, 17:57)(17:57)0
LawrenceI think if the Japanese take up cricket seriously they will be really good at it ?? ??(11.08.2025, 19:40)(19:40)0
LillieTo the man who united West Indies like no other, remembering Sir Frank Worrell on his birth anniversary ??

#RoyalsFamily		(02.08.2025, 16:32)(16:32)0
RobertIt looks like another whitewash is in the making for West Indies.(01.08.2025, 09:13)(09:13)0
ChristinaThe ICC should remove the West Indies from participating in International Cricket ?
No Cricketing Nation should be embarrassed.		(01.08.2025, 06:39)(06:39)0
JayleeToll-free travel across Wismar, Berbice, Demerara bridges from midnight!(31.07.2025, 20:24)(20:24)0
JayleeAnother party accuses WIN of being duplicitous, stealing its ideas(31.07.2025, 20:24)(20:24)0
ChristinaI get the feeling that the players don't wish to play for Sammy(26.07.2025, 09:20)(09:20)0
QuintinSad day?? Lol. How many T20I matches russell played regularly for wi cricket? Even in the last T20 series tour in eng he was in the squad but he played only 1 match out of 3. Lol sad day(19.07.2025, 19:44)(19:44)0
ChristinaIt is time for a full evaluation and accountability to the people of this region for the disastrous batting performance of the West Indies Cricket Team. We cannot disregard what all of us witnessed and endured in the last three test matches. This is not about our players, administrators, or any individual; it is an entire system that is failing, and together, all of us must fix it now. This cannot continue into another series; we must not allow it to.(15.07.2025, 15:52)(15:52)0
ChristinaOnce again for the 5th consecutive times . West Indies has bowled out Australia(the #1 team )
within 90 overs.
Again under 300 runs		(13.07.2025, 08:10)(08:10)0
ChristinaWiaan Mulder declaring with himself being 367 not out, is beyond commendable and sportsmanship. Tho many questions will be asked.(07.07.2025, 10:06)(10:06)0
IngridHow bad are the West Indies ?
Their batting is absolutely abysmal		(06.07.2025, 16:36)(16:36)0
QuintinMexican boxer Julio César Chávez Jr. arrested by ICE for deportation, federal officials say(03.07.2025, 19:05)(19:05)0
QuintinKraigg Brathwaite reaches 100 Tests: 'I was in total disbelief that I could score a hundred for West Indies'(03.07.2025, 18:52)(18:52)0
LoganBad performance by west indies(28.06.2025, 06:48)(06:48)0
QuintinMasai Ujiri fired as Raptors president and vice chairman after 13 years with franchise(27.06.2025, 17:50)(17:50)0
LoganAustralia 180 all out(26.06.2025, 06:45)(06:45)0
Logan99 for 3(25.06.2025, 13:21)(13:21)0
LoganShammar 2 wickets(25.06.2025, 12:13)(12:13)0
Logan65 for 3 at lunch(25.06.2025, 12:12)(12:12)0
WendyDid you know 160 years ago, Texans moved to Brazil to start a Confederate colony with Slavery, after #Juneteenth? ?(24.06.2025, 09:55)(09:55)0
WendyGood morning(24.06.2025, 09:29)(09:29)0
MelodyVaughan 'staggered' by England's bowl-first decision as India dominate at Headingley(20.06.2025, 19:19)(19:19)0
chairmanPPP/C is UNSTOPPABLE….
So all de small parties coming together to try beat the PPP/C
Guyanese don’t be fooled
Vote for Peace Progress and Prosperity.		(19.06.2025, 07:51)(07:51)0
Kyrie
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